Showing posts with label generator. Show all posts
Showing posts with label generator. Show all posts
Sunday, September 29, 2013
Pulse Generator
This circuit is very useful while checking/operating counters, stepping relays, etc. It avoids the procedure of setting a switch for the required number of pulses. By pressing appropriate switches S1 to S9, one can get 1 to 9 negative-going clock pulses, respectively. Schmitt trigger NAND gate N1 of IC2, resistor R1, and capacitor C1 are wired to produce clock pulses. These pulses are taken out through NAND gate N3 that is controlled by decade counter CD4017 (IC1). Initially no switch from S1 to S9 is depressed and the LED is glowing. As pins 5 and 6 of NAND gate N2 are pulled up by resistor R3, its output pin 4 goes low. This disables NAND gate N3 to take its output pin 10 to high state, and no pulse is available. IC1 is a decade counter whose Q outputs normally remain low.
When clock pulses are applied, its Q outputs go high successively, i.e. Q0 shifts to Q1, Q1 shifts to Q2, Q3 shifts to Q4, and so on. If any one of switches S1 through S9, say, S5 (for five pulses), is momentarily depressed, pins 5 and 6 of NAND gate N2 go low, making its output pin 4 high, which fully charges capacitor C2 via diode D. At the same time, this high output of N2 enables NAND gate N3 and clock pulses come out through pin 10. These are the required number of pulses used to check our device. The clock pulses are fed to clock-enable pin 13 of IC1, which starts counting. As soon as output pin 1 (Q5) of IC1 turns high, input pins 5 and 6 of NAND gate N2 will also become high via switch S5 because high-frequency clock allowed five pulses during momentary pressing.
This high input of N2 provides low output at pin 4 to disable NAND gate N3 and finally no pulse will be available to advance counter IC1. Before the next usage, counter IC1 must be in the standby state, i.e. Q0 output must be in the high state. To do this, a time-delay pulse generator wired around NAND gate N4, resister R4, diode D, capacitor C2, and differentiator circuit comprising C3 and R5 is used. When output pin 4 of NAND gate N2 is low, it discharges capacitor C2 slowly through resistor R4. When the voltage across capacitor C2 goes below the lower trip point, output pin 11 of NAND gate N4 turns high and a high-going sharp pulse is produced at the junction of capacitor C3 and resistor R5.
This sharp pulse resets counter IC1 and its Q0 output (pin 3) goes high. This is represented by the glowing of LED. Ensure the red LED is glowing before proceeding to get the next pulse. Press any of the switches momentarily and the LED will glow. If the switch is kept pressed, the counter counts continuously and you cannot get the exact number of pulses.
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When clock pulses are applied, its Q outputs go high successively, i.e. Q0 shifts to Q1, Q1 shifts to Q2, Q3 shifts to Q4, and so on. If any one of switches S1 through S9, say, S5 (for five pulses), is momentarily depressed, pins 5 and 6 of NAND gate N2 go low, making its output pin 4 high, which fully charges capacitor C2 via diode D. At the same time, this high output of N2 enables NAND gate N3 and clock pulses come out through pin 10. These are the required number of pulses used to check our device. The clock pulses are fed to clock-enable pin 13 of IC1, which starts counting. As soon as output pin 1 (Q5) of IC1 turns high, input pins 5 and 6 of NAND gate N2 will also become high via switch S5 because high-frequency clock allowed five pulses during momentary pressing.
This high input of N2 provides low output at pin 4 to disable NAND gate N3 and finally no pulse will be available to advance counter IC1. Before the next usage, counter IC1 must be in the standby state, i.e. Q0 output must be in the high state. To do this, a time-delay pulse generator wired around NAND gate N4, resister R4, diode D, capacitor C2, and differentiator circuit comprising C3 and R5 is used. When output pin 4 of NAND gate N2 is low, it discharges capacitor C2 slowly through resistor R4. When the voltage across capacitor C2 goes below the lower trip point, output pin 11 of NAND gate N4 turns high and a high-going sharp pulse is produced at the junction of capacitor C3 and resistor R5.This sharp pulse resets counter IC1 and its Q0 output (pin 3) goes high. This is represented by the glowing of LED. Ensure the red LED is glowing before proceeding to get the next pulse. Press any of the switches momentarily and the LED will glow. If the switch is kept pressed, the counter counts continuously and you cannot get the exact number of pulses.
Thursday, August 8, 2013
Long Interval Pulse Generator
A rectangular-wave pulse generator with an extremely long period can be built using only two components: a National Semiconductor LM3710 supervisor IC and a 100-nF capacitor to eliminate noise spikes. This circuit utilises the watchdog and reset timers in the LM3710. The watchdog timer is reset when an edge appears on the WDI input (pin 4). If WDI is continuously held at ground level, there are not any edges and the watchdog times out. After an interval TB, it triggers a reset pulse with a duration TA and is reloaded with its initial value. The cycle then starts all over again. As a result, pulses with a period of TA + TB are present at the RESET output (pin 10).
Long-Interval Pulse Generator Circuit diagram :
As can be seen from the table, periods ranging up to around 30 seconds can be achieved in this manner. The two intervals TA and TB are determined by internal timers in the IC, which is available in various versions with four different ranges for each timer. To obtain the desired period, you must order the appropriate version of the LM3710. The type designation is decoded in the accompanying table. The reset threshold voltage is irrelevant for this particular application of the LM3710. The versions shown in bold face were available at the time of printing. Current information can be found on the manufacturer’s home page (www.national.com). The numbers in brackets indicate the minimum and maximum values of intervals TA and TB for which the LM3710 is tested. The circuit operates with a supply voltage in the range of 3–5 V.
Source : http://www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/06/long-interval-pulse-generator.html
Thursday, August 1, 2013
Battery Powered High voltage Generator Circuit Diagram
This is the battery powered high-voltage generator circuit diagram. Output voltage great enough to jump a l-inch gap can be obtained from a 12-V power source. A 555 timer IC is connected as an stable multi vibrator that produces a narrow negative pulse at pin 3. The pulse turns Ql on for the duration of the time period. The collector of Ql is direct-coupled to tbe base of tbe power transistor Q2, turning it on during the same time period.
The emitter of Q2 is direct -coupled through current limiting resistor R5 to the base of the power transistor. Q3 switches on, producing a minimum resistance between the collector and emitter. The high-current pulse going through tbe primary of high-voltage transformer Tl generates a very high pulse voltage at its secondary output terminal (labeled X). The pulse frequency is determined by tbe values of Rl, R2, and C2. The values given in the parts list were chosen to give the best possible performance when an auto-ignition coil is used for Tl.
Battery Powered High-voltage Generator Circuit Diagram
Wednesday, April 10, 2013
Generator Transfer Switch 300x231 Generator Transfer Switch
Wiring Diagram Of A Generator Transfer Switch Electrical Online.
Generator Transfer Switch Wiring.
Power Transfer Switch.
Generator Transfer Switch 300x231 Generator Transfer Switch.
Generator Set Changeover Switch 250 1600 A Ati Fg Wilson.
Switch 200 Amp Automatic Transfer Switch Service Disconnect.
Generator Transfer Switch 100 Amp 240 Volt Transfer Switches.
Figure 4 Wiring Diagram Of A Manual Transfer Switch In The Off.
Wiring Diagram For Transfer Switch Bst9200m Mts.
Automatic Transfer Switch Installation.
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